Critique of Slavery
Early American Authors who Critiqued Slavery
Resources about the Critique of Slavery Movement
**1. Givens, Archie Jr. "From Slavery to Freedom." The Givens Foundation For African American Literature. 2006. Online Resource. 3**** June 2007. < http://www.pbs.org/ktca/litandlife/chapters/chapter1.html > 2. Heaman, Patricia B. "An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans (Book Review)." Fall 1999. EBSCO Research Database. ****3 June 2007.**
This website has been established to look at the legacy of the many different African-American writers and their stories. It shares their stories and what they experienced during the difficult times of slavery. It reviews the published literature of many various writers work that include poems and books. Among the writers are Phillis Wheatley, Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglas. The criteria that this website uses is basically the era when slaves were struggling to get freedom. The earliest dates are in the 1700's and the latest is in the the early 1900's. Most of the work is before the 1860's because the literature about slavery took place before the 1900's. This resource was extremely helpful with understanding the other elements that took place during that era because it listed the authors during that period. It also was helpful with different texts of the authors work and it would give readings of each author on the website with realvideo clips. The website gave direct facts and quotes from the writers during that time giving a brief overview of the topics that each writer faced. The information was facts from the writers and sometimes they were actual biographies. The source come from the pbs network. Contributions come from University of Minnesota from the Givens Collection and it also includes African American Studies, Libraries, and credible newspapers and periodicals.
2. < http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=3119079&site=ehost-live">http://ezp.mc.maricopa.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=3119079&site=ehost-live >
This book review was a really good source to find more information about the slavery movement. It also focused on the work of Lydia Maria Child. The review was very essential and it shared information about the book that was written by the specific author Lydia Maria Child. It shared the feelings and thoughts that Child felt about the idea with slavery. This review was based upon Child's study of slavery that took place in 1833 which fit into that particular slavery movement period. This source was tremendously helpful with getting to know more about the author Lydia Maria Child and her work. The text was also included with direct quotes from Child. The theme was obvious in a sense that it included diversity and the American Dream. This source is credible due to the fact that is from the Ebsco reseach database and it comes from Wilkes University. Its a great book review and covers the essential information about that specific period in literature.
3. Davis, Ronald L.F. “Slavery in America: Historical Overview.” __New York Life__. 13 June 2007 < http://www.slaveryinamerica.org/history/hs_es_overview.htm >.
This website provides an extensive look at the history of slavery in America. The website covers slavery in American literature, narratives, and biographies. It also provides an encyclopedia and image gallery of slavery.
When looking at slavery, this site talks about the four million African Americans working as plantation slaves producing cotton, sugar, tobacco, and rice. Twelve generations of blacks lived in America as slaves. The website looks at the creation of slavery. The value of enslaved workers from Africa grew because they could not easily blend into the white population. Black people would have a harder time escaping and they could not make demands for humane treatment. The website goes on to look at surviving slavery. Slaves made a world for themselves through embracing family, religion, and culture. Slaves created their own kind of music, stories, and language so that they could communicate without interference from slave owners. When looking at the resistance of slavery, the site talks of slaves attempts to control the work pace, so that no slave fell behind. There are over 500 documented accounts of rebellion by slaves.
This website gives a picture of strong and brave African Americans, fighting for their lives and freedom when the odds were against them. Slaves fought to escape. Safe houses, contact points, operators, and the Underground Railroad were all developments to escape slavery. African Americans did not wait for change; they forced change.
This page is a scholarly overview written by a professor at Cal State University, Northridge.
4. Smith, John David. “The Evil that Americans Did.” Chronicle of Higher Education. EBSCOhost.
9 March 2007. Vol53. 19 June 2007.< http://web.ebscohost.com.ezp.mc.maricopa.edu/ehost/detail?vid=6&hid=21&sid=23c1ac38-9bd0-4e88-97ef-b37cfeb156f6%40sessionmgr9>.
This article discusses the need for more scholarly work on the evil of slavery. The author lists prominent figures, such as President Clinton, who have endorsed the idea of an official “apology” for American slavery. Much of the article deals with the problem of reconciling America’s “core values,” i.e. democracy, liberty, equality, with such a cruel and murderous practice. He calls for an end to the “objective” discussion of slavery, and requests that scholars study it as it was; evil. He mentions Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglas, along with their respective works that had to do with the evils of slavery. In addition to listing scholars and other prominent figures who are engaged in “formally” apologizing for slavery, he mentions many historically significant figures who have propagandized the slave period, granting a sort of moral equivocation to slaves and slave owners, becoming apologists for slavery. I found this article through MCC's online database; it was a tad liberally-slanted, but informative none-the-less.
5. Eltis, David, Frank D. Lewis, and Kenneth L. Sokoloff, eds. Slavery in the Development of the Americas. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004. Mesa Community College ebrary. 19 June 2007 <http://site.ebrary.com.ezp.mc.maricopa.edu/lib/mesa/Top?channelName=mesa&cpage=1&docID=10124693&f00=text&frm=smp.x&hitsPerPage=10&layout=document&p00=critique+of+slavery&sortBy=score&sortOrder=desc>.
The main purpose of this website is to discuss slavery in America. This website defines the literary period by stating that it took place around the 1850’s. With this knowledge one can check whether a specific author fits into the literary period. This resource is helpful in reading, and interpreting authors, texts and themes because it gives a brief history on all of these elements. The website is credible because the author/editor is clearly indicated. The website is published by a reputable site, Cambridge University Press.
6. Freehling, William W., ed. Willie Lee Rose: Slavery and Freedom. New York: Oxford UP Inc., 1982. Mesa Community College ebrary. 19 June 2007 <http://site.ebrary.com.ezp.mc.maricopa.edu/lib/mesa/Top?channelName=mesa&cpage=2&docID=10085344&f00=text&frm=smp.x&hitsPerPage=10&layout=document&p00=slavery&sortBy=score&sortOrder=desc>.
The main purpose of this website is to present information on slavery and freedom in early America. The website defines the literary period as the time before and leading up to the American Civil War. To check if a specific author fits into this literary period look and see when they lived, if they lived during this period, if they did then they are apart of the literary period. This website is helpful in reading and interpreting authors, text, and themes because it has information on all of these topics. This website is credible because it is apart of a lecture from a reputable source, the University of Utah, and Weber State University. The author/editor is also clearly present.
7. MacKethan, Lucinda. "An Overview of Southern Literature by Genre." 16 February 2004. Southern Spaces. 18 June 2007 < http://www.southernspaces.org/contents/2004/mackethan/5b.htm >.
Southern Spaces is a peer-reviewed Internet journal and scholarly forum that provides open access to essays, interviews and performances, events and conferences, gateways, timescapes and annotated links about real and imagined spaces and places of the U.S. South. The website is directed to the audience of researchers and teachers, students in and out of classrooms, library patrons, and the general public.
The Critique of Slavery period is well defined or discussed under the websites list of essays on "Literatures of Slavery."
This website offers highlights of the different types of literature, writing, during the slavery period in the north and south of America. Writings or literature during this period were of personal accounts of freed or escaped slaves. These writings were autobiographies, such as Frederick Douglass' narrative, or fictional accounts based on true experiences, such as William Wells Brown's "Clotel; or the President's Daughter." The slavery period influenced literature by its cruelty, inhumanity, and the sweet salvation and freedom from it. The page helped very much in researching the authors, during this period, and their texts. The website included some of the period's significant writers and their writings and also discusses why their writings were important during this period.
The page is a credible website, where the journal has been revised (there's a link to the revised journal on the top portion of the page), and the journals and essays are reviewed by an editorial board, peer reviews, and meet set standards to ensure quality. -DR
8. Peters, Jesse Ph.D. “Discussion Notes: English 221 Major American Authors Fall 2000”. University of North Carolina at Pembroke
The main purpose of this website is for Professor Peters to provide information for the students in his class. Professor Peters lists all the authors of this period and gives a brief summary of each author. The criteria used to identify the literary terms are that; the slave period was during the time of the Frontier, and Harriet Jacobs was a slave. She is the main character of the narrative when she wrote, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. This resource is useful for readers/students for a course of English. This website is useful because it gives an overview of the Slave period in American literature. I give credit to this website because Professor Peters provides readers with his background in English studies, and he works for the University of North Carolina at Pembrook in the English department.
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